Century Mining Database

TERMS OF REFERENCE

General

This document is intended to provide subscribers/users with a general framework of the Century Mining Database ("Database"). Mining terminology can often times be technical in nature and have various industry interpretations and standards that require further clarification. We have included a glossary of key terms separated by major categories that are used throughout the Database in an effort to clarify any ambiguity that may exist and to enhance the overall subscriber/user experience.

Should you have require further clarification after reviewing the terminology below, please feel free to contact us via e-mail at info@centuryglobal.ca and we will respond to you as soon as possible.

Grouping Method

The Company related total Reserve and Resource figures are displayed in the Database by consolidating all asset held through a direct ownership interest in an asset or option to earn a direct stake in an asset. All directly owned assets will also be shown in the company profile.

For Companies that hold an indirect ownership interest in an asset through their interest in another entity (subsidiary, equity stake or option to earn in), the following consolidation rule applies:

i. Public Parent/Holding Co. having 100% indirect ownership in the asset through an equity stake in a public co (sub): Full consolidation of assets of sub with assets also shown in company profile

ii. Parent/Holding Co. having 0.01-99.99% indirect ownership in the asset through an equity stake in a public co (sub): No consolidation of assets of sub with assets also not shown in company profile

iii. Parent/Holding Co. having 0.01-100% indirect ownership in the asset of a private sub: Full consolidation of assets of sub with assets also shown in company profile

Company

Company related terms are generally used and referenced in the Database through the company search and display functionalities as well as the company profiles.

Field Name	Description
1-month price change	The difference in the current Share Price over the period of one month, given as a percentage of the previous one month share price. This field may not take into account all stock splits or consolidations.
1-week price change	The difference in the current Share Price over the period of one week, given as a percentage of the previous one week share price. This field may not take into all account stock splits or consolidations.
1-year price change	The difference in the current Share Price over the period of one year, given as a percentage of the previous one year share price. This field may not take into account all stock splits or consolidations.
3-month average volume	This is the average of daily trading volume during the last three months for the company's listing on the Exchange. Average volumes for companies listed on multiple Stock Exchanges may not be equivalent to, or representative of, their most-active listing.
52-week high	The highest Share Price that a stock has traded during the previous year, given in the Share Price Currency. This field may not take into account all stock splits or consolidations.
52-week low	The lowest Share Price that a stock has traded during the previous year, given in the Share Price Currency. This field may not take into account all stock splits or consolidations.
Cash and cash equivalents	The amount of cash and cash equivalents held by the company at the Latest Reporting Date. Given in millions of the reporting currency.
Company average producing AISC per unit	Company average AISC per unit represents the average AISC of all producing mines during the last full fiscal year as published by the company. AISC is defined in the "Assets or deposits" section. For assets producing co-products and by-products other than the Primary Commodity, their production and per unit AISC & Cash Cost are converted to the equivalent unit of the primary commodity using spot prices on February 26, 2016 (e.g., US$1,227/oz for gold, US$15.17/g for Ag, US$2.12/lb for copper).
Company average producing Cash Cost per unit	C1 Cash Cost per unit for all production during the last full fiscal year as reported by the company. C1 Cash Cost is defined in the "Assets or deposits" section. For assets producing co-products and by-products other than the Primary Commodity, their production and per unit AISC & Cash Cost are converted to the equivalent unit of the primary commodity using spot prices on February 26, 2016 (e.g., US$1,227/ oz for gold, US$15.17/g for Ag, US$2.12/lb for copper).
Company overview	A high-level description of the company's general activities and ongoing business operations.
Company Website	URL link to company website. When a website is not available, a link to the company profile on the appropriate securities exchange or other relevant website will be shown instead.
Company Name	The company name. Company names are transliterated or translated to Chinese as appropriate.
Country (Company)	Country in which the single-most prominent asset of the company is located.
Current Ratio	A financial ratio that measures a company's ability to repay their short-term obligations. The current ratio is calculated by dividing current assets by current liabilities.
D/E Ratio	Total Debt to Equity ratio. This ratio indicates the degree to which a company is leveraged by comparing net debt to shareholders' equity.
Deposit Name or Flagship Asset	The project considered to be the company's most-developed or most promising Primary Commodity-focused project.
EBITDA	Acronym for: earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. This number is used as an indicator of the overall profitability of a business and its ability to generate cash flow from operations. Given in millions.
Enterprise value	Enterprise value ("EV") is the theoretical value of the business as a whole. It is calculated by adding total debt to Market Capitalization and subtracting total cash. Preferred shares value and minority interest value have been disregarded for simplicity. Given in millions.
EV/Total Reserves	A valuation metric of the company using enterprise value divided by total attributable contained metal in reserves, where the metal is the company's primary commodity. This measure combines Proven and Probable reserves and ignores process recoveries.
EV/Total Resources	A valuation metric of the company using enterprise value divided by total attributable contained metal in resources, where the metal is the company's primary commodity. This measure combines Measured, Indicated and Inferred resources, is inclusive of mineral reserves and ignores process recoveries.
Exchange (Stock Exchange)	Stock exchange through which a company is publicly traded. Non-publicly-traded companies will display their status (Private, delisted, suspended, acquired, and non-managing stakeholder) instead of a stock exchange. Refer to "Stock Exchanges" section for a full list of abbreviations used.
Industry average EV/reserves	This is the median EV/Total Reserves value for all companies in the Database sharing the primary commodity. For EV/Reserves and EV/Resources, co-products and by-products other than the Primary Commodity are converted to the equivalent unit of the primary commodity using spot prices on February 26, 2016 (e.g., US$1,227/oz for gold, US$15.17/g for Ag, US$2.12/lb for copper).
Industry average EV/resources	This is the median EV/Total Resources value for all companies in the Database sharing the primary commodity. For EV/Reserves and EV/Resources, co-products and by-products other than the Primary Commodity are converted to the equivalent unit of the primary commodity using spot prices on February 26, 2016 (e.g., US$1,227/oz for gold, US$15.17/g for Ag, US$2.12/lb for copper).
Latest Reporting Date	Date for which company balance sheet data (cash, debt, EBITDA, working capital, equity, earnings, current ratio) was reported.
Market capitalization	The aggregate value of a company calculated by multiplying the number of outstanding shares by the stock price. Value given in millions.
Metal contained in primary mineral reserves	The amount of contained metal within the mineral reserves of all projects controlled by the company. This measure combines Proven and Probable reserves and ignores process recoveries. This measure is calculated on a non-attributed, 100% project basis, i.e. a company with 90% interest in a project will have the project resources included on a 100% basis.
Metal contained in primary mineral resources	The amount of contained metal within the mineral resources of all projects controlled by the company. This measure combines Measured, Indicated and Inferred resources, is inclusive of mineral resources, and ignores process recoveries. This measure is calculated on a non-attributed, 100% project basis, i.e. a company with 90% interest in a project will have the project resources included on a 100% basis.
Most advanced project stage	Highest stage of development (as defined in the "Stage" and "Status" sections) attained by the company's project(s).
Other commodities	These are the other primary and secondary metals or minerals associated with the company's assets.
P/E	Price-to-earnings ratio is a valuation multiple. It is calculated by dividing the share price by annualized earnings per share. This field may not be present when P/E is negative as it is not meaningful.
Primary commodity	This is the most economically important metal or mineral associated with the company's assets. For assets producing co-products and bi-products other than the Primary Commodity, their production and per unit AISC & Cash Cost are converted to the equivalent unit of the primary commodity using spot prices on February 26, 2016 (e.g., US$1,227/oz for gold, US$15.17/g for Ag, US$2.12/lb for copper). For EV/Reserves and EV/Resources, co-products and by-products other than the Primary Commodity are converted to the equivalent unit of the primary commodity using spot prices on February 26, 2016 (e.g., US$1,227/oz for gold, US$15.17/g for Ag, US$2.12/lb for copper). Except when used in the EV/Reserves or EV/Resources multiplier, Reserve and Resource tonnage, grades and contained metal information of the Primary commodity is not converted to equivalent units of the primary commodity. For example, a gold-copper assets are expressed in tonnes of resources and contained gold ounces display gold ounces only, not gold equivalent ounces The primary commodity is sometimes expressed using the periodic table of elements (e.g., gold=Au, copper=Cu, silver=Ag, zinc=Zn, etc.).
Reporting currency	The currency used in the company's financial statements. Refer to the "Currencies" section
Self-Funding	Companies with sufficient financial strength to fund their entire project from development through construction to commercial production. Companies are screened using criteria such as ((EV/2 – debt) + Cash): > CapEx.
Share price	The market price of one share of the company's stock, given in the Share Price Currency.
Share Price Currency	The currency used by the Exchange the company is listed on. Refer to the "Currencies" section for an explanation of the currency abbreviations used.
Shares outstanding	The number of shares of the company that have been authorized and issued, and purchased and held by investors. Given in millions of shares.
Ticker	Stock ticker of the company. Delisted and suspended companies may retain their previous tickers. Private companies will display "Private" instead of a ticker.
Total debt	The amount of short and long-term liabilities held by the company at the most recent reporting date. Given in millions of the reporting currency.
Total Last-Year Production	The sum of the previous fiscal year metal and metal-equivalent production for the company's Primary Commodity. This measure is calculated on a non-attributed, 100% project basis, i.e. a company with 90% interest in a project will have the project production included on a 100% basis. For assets producing co-products and by-products other than the Primary Commodity, their production and per unit AISC & Cash Cost are converted to the equivalent unit of the primary commodity using spot prices on February 26, 2016 (e.g., US$1,227/oz for gold, US$15.17/g for Ag, US$2.12/lb for copper).
Total ore reserves of primary mineral	The combined tonnage of mineral reserves of all projects controlled by the company, reported in thousands of tonnes. This measure combines Proven and Probable reserves. This measure is calculated on a non-attributed, 100% project basis, i.e. a company with 90% interest in a project will have the project resources included on a 100% basis.
Total ore resources of primary mineral	The combined tonnage of mineral resources of all projects controlled by the company, reported in thousands of tonnes. This measure combines Measured, Indicated and Inferred resources and is inclusive of mineral reserves. This measure is calculated on a non-attributed, 100% project basis, i.e. a company with 90% interest in a project will have the project resources included on a 100% basis.
Working Capital	An indication of a company's short term liquidity and financial health and calculated as current assets less current liabilities.

Asset or Deposit

Asset or Deposit related terms are generally used and referenced in the Database through the Asset and Company search and display functionalities.

Field Name	Description
AISC (All-in sustaining cost)	All-in sustaining cost (AISC) is a standardized mining metric established by the World Gold Council used to better evaluate the true cost of producing one ounce of gold. Costs included in AISC are on-site mining, milling and smelting costs, royalties, on-site and corporate general and administrative costs and any sustaining capital, and are net of co-product and by-product credits. This measure has also sometimes been adopted by non-gold producers. AISC displayed in the Database generally contains company reported figures of the latest fiscal year. Where AISC are not directly published or reported directly, judgement may be applied by Century's team of well-qualified analysts to estimate the AISC using publicly available components of Cash Cost. Refer to https://www.gold.org/news-and-events/press-releases/world-gold-council-guidance-note-non-gaap-metrics-all-sustaining for further details. For assets producing co-products and by-products other than the Primary Commodity, their production and per unit AISC & Cash Cost are converted to the equivalent unit of the primary commodity using spot prices on February 26, 2016 (e.g., US$1,227/oz for gold, US$15.17/g for Ag, US$2.12/lb for copper).
C1 Cash Cost	Average production costs per unit of contained metal output, including mining, processing, on-site general and administrative expenses, royalties not related to revenues or profits, treatment and refining charges, transportation costs and sales costs less the net value of co-product and by-product credits. Excluded costs are depreciation, amortization and non-site related costs such as head office. Cash Costs displayed in the Database generally contains company reported figures of the latest fiscal year. If cash costs are not published or reported directly, judgement may be applied by Century's team of well-qualified analysts to estimate the Cash Cost using publicly available components of Cash Cost. For assets producing co-products and by-products other than the Primary Commodity, their production and per unit AISC & Cash Cost are converted to the equivalent unit of the primary commodity using spot prices on February 26, 2016 (e.g., US$1,227/oz for gold, US$15.17/g for Ag, US$2.12/lb for copper).
CapEx (Initial Capital Expenditure or Capital Expenditure)	Amount of money, in millions of dollars, required to develop the deposit to commercial production. This amount excludes sustaining capital. CapEx uses the base case as reported in the technical report.
Cash Cost	This is an internationally-recognized mining metric used to better evaluate the true on-site cost of producing one unit of contained metal output. The costs shown generally represent C1 cash costs as defined by Wood Mackenzie. Cash Costs displayed in the Database generally contains company reported figures. If cash costs are not published or reported directly, judgement may be applied by Century's team of well-qualified analysts to estimate the Cash Cost using publicly available components of Cash Cost. For assets producing co-products and by-products other than the Primary Commodity, their production and per unit AISC & Cash Cost are converted to the equivalent unit of the Primary Commodity using spot prices on February 26, 2016 (e.g., US$1,227/oz for gold, US$15.17/g for Ag, US$2.12/lb for copper).
Country (Asset)	Country where the project is located. Overseas territories (e.g. French Guiana, Greenland, New Caledonia) and unclaimed areas (e.g. international waters) are considered to be separate countries from the administrating power.
Deposit name (or Project name)	Name given to an asset. Deposits may fit in any stage or status as defined in the "Stage" and "Status" sections. Deposits are grouped when an economic report uses them as an ensemble or when a company reports them as parts of a single project or mine.
Expected Closure (End of life)	This is the year an operating mine is expected to cease production. This value is based on company disclosures or estimated using historic, current and forward-looking production taking into consideration total reserves and/or resources.
Fully Diluted Asset Minority Interest (Fully Diluted AMI)	Fully Diluted Asset Minority interest in an asset, if all outstanding options on the asset have been vested in full. For example, a company with an option to earn a 70% interest in an asset would have a 30% minority interest remaining in the asset, should the option be fully vested. Fully-diluted Minority interest is reported on an asset basis only and does not include ownership interests indirectly owned through minority share in publicly-traded legal entities.
IRR (Internal rate of return)	The discount rate at which the NPV of the project equals zero. IRR is reported on a post-tax basis except when noted. IRR uses the base case as reported in the technical report.
LoM (Life of Mine)	This is the number of years a mine is expected to be in production. Production is considered to be from the start of commercial production to the end of ore processing and excludes construction and closure. When not publicly available, LoM is estimated using historic, current and forward-looking production taking into consideration proven and probable economic reserves.
Mining Method	Primary method of mineral extraction. For projects that are at a resource or exploration stage, this is the method by which there may be a reasonable expectation of economically extracting minerals. For projects at a PEA stage or greater (as defined in the "Stage" section), the mining method used is stated explicitly in the technical report. For projects at resource stage or lower, the mining method may not be explicitly stated and judgement may be applied. Factors may include cut-off grade, resource grade, mineralized body geometry, and existing infrastructure. For projects that incorporate multiple mining methods (e.g. an open-pit project that later transitions to underground mining) the one mining method that is considered to be primary with respect to potential project economics is stated. The primary mining method is determined on the basis of factors including contained metal, NPV, metallurgy and mining sequence. Major mining methods include open pit or open cast ("OP") and underground (UG) mining.
Asset Minority Interest (AMI)	Representing the ownership interest in the asset not currently held directly by the company or through its wholly owned subsidiaries. AMI is reported on an asset basis only and is not and does not reflect minority ownership interests indirectly owned through minority share in publicly-traded legal entities.
NPV (Net Present Value)	This is the sum of the present values of incoming and outgoing cash flows expected over the life of the project, reported in millions of dollars. NPV is reported on a post-tax basis except when noted. NPV uses the base case as reported in the technical report.
NPV Rate (NPV discount rate)	This is the discount rate, reported as a percentage, used to discount future cash flows for calculating NPV. NPV Rate uses the base case as reported in the technical report.
Price Assumptions	The base case metal or mineral sale prices used for the most recent economic analysis of a project.
Production	The amount of metal or minerals reported as produced in the past fiscal year. Production may be on the basis of gold-equivalent or copper-equivalent, where by-products are considered to be equivalent to some quantity of gold or copper respectively. When metal-equivalent production is not given, equivalent production is calculated using metal prices below. When an asset is not operating or has achieved commercial production within the last fiscal year, production is the annual average over the LoM as reported. For assets producing co-products and by-products other than the Primary Commodity, their production and per unit AISC & Cash Cost are converted to the equivalent unit of the primary commodity using spot prices on February 26, 2016 (e.g., US$1,227/oz for gold, US$15.17/g for Ag, US$2.12/lb for copper).
Region(s)	Region where the project is located. "Top 10 Regions" are defined by Century on the basis of Century's internal database review, which may represent areas with higher density of geological Reserves and Resources. Regions identified do not necessarily correlate to any implied geological or geographical limits.
Reporting Currency	The currency used in the technical report. CapEx, NPV, Cash Cost and AISC are stated in this currency.
Reserve	From the CIM Definition Standards, 2014: "A Mineral Reserve is the economically mineable part of a Measured and/or Indicated Mineral Resource. It includes diluting materials and allowances for losses, which may occur when the material is mined or extracted and is defined by studies at Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility level as appropriate that include application of Modifying Factors. Such studies demonstrate that, at the time of reporting, extraction could reasonably be justified. The reference point at which Mineral Reserves are defined, usually the point where the ore is delivered to the processing plant, must be stated. It is important that, in all situations where the reference point is different, such as for a saleable product, a clarifying statement is included to ensure that the reader is fully informed as to what is being reported. The public disclosure of a Mineral Reserve must be demonstrated by a Pre-Feasibility Study or Feasibility Study."
Reserve Contained	The amount of contained metal within the mineral reserves of a project, reported in thousands of ounces of gold or millions of pounds of copper. This measure combines Proven and Probable reserves and ignores process recoveries. Contained metal is reported only on the basis of the Primary Commodity, i.e. secondary commodities are not included.
Reserve grade	The amount of contained metal per tonne within the mineral reserves of a project, reported in grams/tonne of gold or percentage of copper. This measure combines Proven and Probable reserves and ignores process recoveries. Reserves generally use the base case as reported in the technical report. Grade is reported only on the basis of the Primary Commodity, i.e. secondary commodities are not included.
Reserve Tonnage	The total mass of Reserves within a project, reported in kilo tonnes. This measure combines Proven and Probable reserves and ignores dilution. Reserves generally use the base case as reported in the technical report. Tonnage is reported only on the basis of the Primary Commodity, i.e. a portion of an orebody without reported Primary Commodity grades would not be included.
Resource	From the CIM Definition Standards, 2014: "A Mineral Resource is a concentration or occurrence of solid material of economic interest in or on the Earth's crust in such form, grade or quality and quantity that there are reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction. The location, quantity, grade or quality, continuity and other geological characteristics of a Mineral Resource are known, estimated or interpreted from specific geological evidence and knowledge, including sampling."
Resource Contained	The amount of contained metal within the mineral resources of a project. This measure combines Measured, Indicated and Inferred resources, is inclusive of mineral reserves, and ignores process recoveries. Resources generally use the base cut-off as reported in the technical report. Contained metal is reported only on the basis of the Primary Commodity, i.e. secondary commodities are not included.
Resource grade	The amount of contained metal per tonne within the mineral resources of a project. This measure combines Measured, Indicated and Inferred resources, is inclusive of mineral reserves, and ignores process recoveries. Resources generally use the base cut-off as reported in the technical report. Grade is reported only on the basis of the Primary Commodity, i.e. secondary commodities are not included.
Resource Tonnage	The total mass of Resources within a project, reported in kilo tonnes. This measure combines Measured, Indicated and Inferred resources, is inclusive of Proven and Probable reserves, and ignores dilution. Resources generally use the base cutoff as reported in the technical report. Tonnage is reported only on the basis of the Primary Commodity, i.e. tonnage corresponding to a portion of a deposit without reported Primary Commodity grades would not be included.
Stage	The highest level of work completed on a given project. The development stage is based on the latest technical report or disclosure - i.e. Exploration/Resource/PEA/PFS/FS. Refer to the development stage table for a detailed explanation of each stage. For projects with multiple available reports, the most recent report with economic analysis (PEA/PFS/FS) was used to determine the development stage. Projects with a resource published after the most recent economic report are still considered to be at the stage of the most recent report with economic analysis. Projects with a lower level report published after a higher-level report are considered to be at the stage of the most recent report (e.g. a project with a PEA published after a FS would be considered to be at the PEA stage).
Status	The project's current level of activity based on publicly disclosed information - i.e. inactive, development, construction, operating, closed, or care and maintenance. Projects are considered to be inactive after at least a year of no published activity. Refer to the status table for a detailed explanation of each status.
Strip Ratio	For assets with open-pit Mining Methods, Strip Ratio represents the ratio between the tonnage of waste handled in order to extract a tonne of ore. i.e. a strip ratio of 4:1 indicates that mining 1 tonne of ore will require mining 4 tonnes of waste. For projects with multiple sub-deposits, the overall strip ratio, incorporating all pits, is given.
Year of last technical report	Most recent effective date of a mineral resource or reserve estimate for a project. For projects with multiple sub-deposits with differing resource dates, the most recent of these dates will be shown. As the most recent resource is shown, companies releasing updated resource calculations after the publication of a technical report with economic analysis will show the most recent resource date and not the date of the economic analysis associated with the older resource. This is given in a YYYY-MM-DD format.

Stage

Classification of Stages are generally used and referenced in the Database indicating the most advanced stage of development as published in the latest Technical Report. The various stages are shown in the table below in order of progressively more advanced stages.

Field Name	Description
Exploration	Any project that does not have a published Resource is considered to be in the Exploration stage. This includes projects with only resources not compliant with relevant technical reporting standards. Historic producers and non-compliant historical resources would fall in this category.
Resource	Any project with a published Resource, but with no published economic analyses, is considered to be in the Resource stage. Some operating mines without any published economic analysis would fall in this category.
Preliminary Economic Analysis (PEA)	A Preliminary Economic Assessment ("PEA") is meant to show potential viability of mineral resources for economic extraction. A project must have at least a published Resource and published economic analysis that is compliant with relevant reporting standards. The economic analysis may be predicated on a mineral Resource that includes Inferred mineral resources. A PEA is not as comprehensive as a PFS or FS, cannot have declared ore reserves, and cannot be treated as a PFS or FS. A PEA is equivalent to a scoping study under several sets of reporting standards.
Feasibility Study (FS)	A Feasibility Study ("FS") or Pre-Feasibility Study ("PFS") is meant to show viability of mineral resources for economic extraction. A project must have at least a published resource base and published economic analysis that is compliant with relevant reporting standards. The economic analysis may not include Inferred mineral resources. Both PFS and FS reports cover technical, legal, environmental, political and social factors impacting the viability of the project, with the FS being more comprehensive. Both the PFS and FS can be used to declare ore reserves. "Bankable Feasibility Studies" and "Definitive Feasibility Studies" are equivalent to the FS.

Status

Classification of Status are generally used and referenced in the Database indicating the general lifecycle of a mining asset. The various status are generally shown in the table below in order from beginning to end.

Field Name	Description
Inactive	A project is considered inactive if no announcements have been made with respect to the project for at least a year. Inactive projects are not under active development but may still have some maintenance activities, e.g. minimum required exploration expenditures.
Development	A project is considered under development if the company has made announcements regarding the project within the last year. Active projects are in the process of being advanced, either to a later development stage or to a later status.
Construction	A project is considered to be under construction if the company has declared construction to have begun and if the project has not yet achieved commercial production. Projects under commissioning that may have already had first fill or first pour are considered to be under construction. Projects where construction has paused or stopped for an extended period of time (generally one year) pending funding or market conditions may be considered inactive or under development instead. Projects that have halted operations to undergo significant expansion of mine infrastructure are considered to be under construction.
Operating	A project is considered to be operating if the company has declared commercial production. Operating deposits are actively engaged in the mining and processing of mineralized material, including processing of stockpiled material at the end of mine life. Projects operating while undergoing significant expansion are still considered to be operating.
C&M	A project is considered to be under care and maintenance ("C&M") if there are no ongoing mining and processing operations, but project infrastructure continues to be maintained (e.g. dewatering, ground support, tailings treatment). Projects are often placed under care and maintenance due to unfavourable market conditions or sudden changes to the nature of the project necessitating cessation of operations (e.g. wall collapse, reaching capacity of tailings dam).
Closed	A project is considered to be closed when mining and processing operations have ceased and project infrastructure is undergoing salvage or reclamation. Historical producers are not considered to be closed if they are under current redevelopment or being considered for redevelopment.

Stock Exchanges

Exchange acronyms used in the Database.

Exchange	Description
AIM	London Alternative Investment Market (part of the London Stock Exchange)
ASX	Australian Stock Exchange
CSE	Canadian Securities Exchange (Vancouver)
JSE	Johannesburg Stock Exchange (South Africa)
NASDAQ	Nasdaq Stock Exchange (United States of America)
NYSE	New York Stock Exchange (United States of America)
OTC	Over-The-Counter Markets (United States of America)
Private	Company is not publicly traded
Not Traded	Company is not publicly traded
TSX	Toronto Stock Exchange (Canada)
TSXV	TSX Venture Exchange (part of the Toronto Stock Exchange)
FSE	Frankfurt Stock Exchange (Germany)
LSE	London Stock Exchange (United Kingdom)
SZSE	Shenzhen Stock Exchange (China)
SSE	Shanghai Stock Exchange (China)
HKEX	Hong Kong Stock Exchange (China)
NEX	TSX NEX Exchange (part of the Toronto Stock Exchange)
PHP	Philippines Stock Exchange
SS	Stockholm Stock Exchange (Sweden)
BVL	Lima Stock Exchange (Peru)
Casablanca	Casablanca Stock Exchange (Morocco)
NSE	National Stock Exchange (India)
CNQ	Canadian Securities Exchange (Vancouver)
ISDX	ICAP Securities and Derivatives Exchange (United Kingdom)
IDX	Jakarta Stock Exchange (Indonesia)
ZWX	Zimbabwe Stock Exchange
Santiago	Santiago Stock Exchange (Chile)
T	Tokyo Stock Exchange (Japan)
Tadawul	National Stock Exchange (Saudi Arabia)
Thailand	Bangkok Stock Exchange (Thailand)
NSXAus	National Stock Exchange (Australia)
Delisted	Company has been delisted or trading has been suspended.
Acquired	Company has been acquired and has become a subsidiary of another company.
Non-managing Stakeholder	Third party with an ownership stake that is not directing, financially participating or managing part of the project. This includes some state-owned entities and private individuals.
Name Changed	Company is now traded under another name.

Currencies

Currency acronyms used in the Database.

Currency	Description
CAD	Canadian Dollar
AUD	Australian Dollar
EUR	European Union Euro
GBP	Great Britain Pound Sterling
RMB	Chinese Renminbi
USD	United States Dollar
HKD	Hong Kong Dollar
ZAR	South African Rand
PHP	Philippine Peso
SEK	Swedish Kroner
PEN	Peruvian Nuevo Sol
NZD	New Zealand Dollar
MAD	Moroccan dirham
INR	Indian Rupee
IDR	Indonesian Rupiah
CLP	Chilean peso
TRY	Turkish Lira

Other

General terms used throughout the Database.

Term	Description
Ounce ("Oz")	Troy ounce, equal to approximately 31.10348 grams.
Pound ("Lb")	One imperial pound, equal to approximately 454 grams.
Tonne ("t")	One metric tonne, equal to 1,000 kg or 1,000,000 grams
Attribution	Attributable ounces are calculated on the basis of maximum possible equity ownership in a project, e.g. an optionee on a project with the option to acquire up to 70% ownership will have resources attributed to them as if they already control 70% of the deposit. The optionor that currently wholly owns the project will have resources attributed to them as if they control 100% of the deposit. EV/Reserves and EV/Resource ratios are calculated using attributable metal using the definition described above.
Technical Report	A document published by a company that discloses relevant technical, legal, social, political, environmental and economic details regarding a project, including resources, reserves, and economic analyses. Technical reports are usually published in accordance with a set of standards enforced and/or adopted by the securities issuer, local law or industry groups. Different standards require varying levels of detail to be disclosed.
CMD or Database	Century Mining Database. Owned and operated by Century Global Commodities Corporation and its subsidiaries.
Century	Century Global Commodities Corporation and/or its subsidiaries.
Measured Resources	As found in the CIM Definition Standards 2014: "A Measured Mineral Resource is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape, and physical characteristics are estimated with confidence sufficient to allow the application of Modifying Factors to support detailed mine planning and final evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. Geological evidence is derived from detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing and is sufficient to confirm geological and grade or quality continuity between points of observation. A Measured Mineral Resource has a higher level of confidence than that applying to either an Indicated Mineral Resource or an Inferred Mineral Resource. It may be converted to a Proven Mineral Reserve or to a Probable Mineral Reserve."
Indicated Resources	As found in the CIM Definition Standards 2014: "An Indicated Mineral Resource is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape and physical characteristics are estimated with sufficient confidence to allow the application of Modifying Factors in sufficient detail to support mine planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. Geological evidence is derived from adequately detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing and is sufficient to assume geological and grade or quality continuity between points of observation. An Indicated Mineral Resource has a lower level of confidence than that applying to a Measured Mineral Resource and may only be converted to a Probable Mineral Reserve."
Inferred Resources	As found in the CIM Definition Standards 2014: "An Inferred Mineral Resource is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and grade or quality are estimated on the basis of limited geological evidence and sampling. Geological evidence is sufficient to imply but not verify geological and grade or quality continuity. An Inferred Mineral Resource has a lower level of confidence than that applying to an Indicated Mineral Resource and must not be converted to a Mineral Reserve. It is reasonably expected that the majority of Inferred Mineral Resources could be upgraded to Indicated Mineral Resources with continued exploration."